构网型逆变器中优先电流限制器的积分饱和现象再探：物理视角

This article investigates the windup phenomenon of grid-forming (GFM) inverters with priority current limiters (PCL). It is found that a crucial transitional stage exists in both the PCL triggering and exit processes, which significantly impacts the windup issue. By analyzing the phasor diagrams and power-angle curves of the GFM inverter, it is revealed that the fault clearance angle and switching angle between the transitional stage and stable stage in current-limiting mode jointly determine the existence of windup after fault clearance. A criterion is developed based on these findings. Further, four distinct scenarios are examined in light of this criterion and transitional stage. A practical antiwindup control method based on the criterion is proposed. Finally, the theoretical findings are demonstrated through experiments.